The American streetcar era and its revival
Electric streetcars were a defining feature of American urban life from the 1880s through the mid-20th century. Most substantial American towns and cities operated streetcar systems — the streetcars provided the urban mass transit that allowed cities to grow beyond walking distance and that shaped the development patterns of American communities before the automobile era.
The mid-20th century saw the near-total elimination of American streetcar systems. The automobile, the bus, and various economic and political factors combined to dismantle streetcar networks across the country — by the 1960s, only a handful of American cities retained streetcar service. The loss of the streetcar systems is now widely regarded as a significant mistake in American urban planning.
Recent decades have seen a substantial revival of interest in streetcars — both as practical modern transit (numerous American cities have built new streetcar lines) and as heritage attractions (many communities operate vintage streetcars as tourism and heritage features). El Reno's Heritage Express Trolley is part of this heritage-streetcar revival, preserving the streetcar experience as a working historic attraction.
